类激活图（CAM）有助于制定显着图，有助于解释深度神经网络的预测。基于梯度的方法通常比视力解释性的其他分支更快，并且独立于人类的指导。类似CAM的研究的性能取决于管理模型的层响应以及梯度的影响。典型的面向梯度的CAM研究依赖加权聚合来进行显着图估计，通过将梯度图投影到单权重值中，这可能导致过度的广义显着图。为了解决此问题，我们使用全球指导图来纠正显着性估计过程中加权聚合操作，在这种情况下，结果解释是相对干净的ER且特定于实例的。我们通过在特征图及其相应的梯度图之间执行元素乘法来获得全局引导图。为了验证我们的研究，我们将拟议的研究与八个不同的显着性可视化器进行了比较。此外，我们使用七个常用的评估指标进行定量比较。提出的方案比ImageNet，MS-Coco 14和Pascal VOC 2012数据集的测试图像取得了重大改进。

在许多计算机视觉子域中，图像降级仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。最近的研究表明，在有监督的环境中取得了重大改进。但是，很少有挑战（例如空间忠诚度和类似卡通的平滑度）仍未解决或果断地忽略。我们的研究提出了一个简单而有效的架构，用于解决上述问题的降级问题。所提出的体系结构重新审视了模块化串联的概念，而不是长时间和更深的级联连接，以恢复给定图像的更清洁近似。我们发现不同的模块可以捕获多功能表示形式，而串联表示为低级图像恢复创造了更丰富的子空间。所提出的架构的参数数量仍然小于以前的大多数网络的数量，并且仍然对当前最新网络进行了重大改进。

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is considered one of the primary concerns due to its effect on vision loss among most people with diabetes globally. The severity of DR is mostly comprehended manually by ophthalmologists from fundus photography-based retina images. This paper deals with an automated understanding of the severity stages of DR. In the literature, researchers have focused on this automation using traditional machine learning-based algorithms and convolutional architectures. However, the past works hardly focused on essential parts of the retinal image to improve the model performance. In this paper, we adopt transformer-based learning models to capture the crucial features of retinal images to understand DR severity better. We work with ensembling image transformers, where we adopt four models, namely ViT (Vision Transformer), BEiT (Bidirectional Encoder representation for image Transformer), CaiT (Class-Attention in Image Transformers), and DeiT (Data efficient image Transformers), to infer the degree of DR severity from fundus photographs. For experiments, we used the publicly available APTOS-2019 blindness detection dataset, where the performances of the transformer-based models were quite encouraging.

Brain network provides important insights for the diagnosis of many brain disorders, and how to effectively model the brain structure has become one of the core issues in the domain of brain imaging analysis. Recently, various computational methods have been proposed to estimate the causal relationship (i.e., effective connectivity) between brain regions. Compared with traditional correlation-based methods, effective connectivity can provide the direction of information flow, which may provide additional information for the diagnosis of brain diseases. However, existing methods either ignore the fact that there is a temporal-lag in the information transmission across brain regions, or simply set the temporal-lag value between all brain regions to a fixed value. To overcome these issues, we design an effective temporal-lag neural network (termed ETLN) to simultaneously infer the causal relationships and the temporal-lag values between brain regions, which can be trained in an end-to-end manner. In addition, we also introduce three mechanisms to better guide the modeling of brain networks. The evaluation results on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Skeleton-based Motion Capture (MoCap) systems have been widely used in the game and film industry for mimicking complex human actions for a long time. MoCap data has also proved its effectiveness in human activity recognition tasks. However, it is a quite challenging task for smaller datasets. The lack of such data for industrial activities further adds to the difficulties. In this work, we have proposed an ensemble-based machine learning methodology that is targeted to work better on MoCap datasets. The experiments have been performed on the MoCap data given in the Bento Packaging Activity Recognition Challenge 2021. Bento is a Japanese word that resembles lunch-box. Upon processing the raw MoCap data at first, we have achieved an astonishing accuracy of 98% on 10-fold Cross-Validation and 82% on Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation by using the proposed ensemble model.

语言是个人表达思想的方法。每种语言都有自己的字母和数字字符集。人们可以通过口头或书面交流相互交流。但是，每种语言都有同类语言。聋哑和/或静音的个人通过手语交流。孟加拉语还具有手语，称为BDSL。数据集是关于孟加拉手册图像的。该系列包含49个单独的孟加拉字母图像。 BDSL49是一个数据集，由29,490张具有49个标签的图像组成。在数据收集期间，已经记录了14个不同成年人的图像，每个人都有不同的背景和外观。在准备过程中，已经使用了几种策略来消除数据集中的噪声。该数据集可免费提供给研究人员。他们可以使用机器学习，计算机视觉和深度学习技术开发自动化系统。此外，该数据集使用了两个模型。第一个是用于检测，而第二个是用于识别。

随着电子商务行业的扩散，分析客户反馈是服务提供商必不可少的。最近几天，可以注意到，客户以评论分数上传购买的产品图像。在本文中，我们承担了分析此类视觉评论的任务，这是非常新的。过去，研究人员致力于分析语言反馈，但是在这里，我们没有从语言评论中获得任何可能不存在的帮助，因为可以观察到最近的趋势，客户喜欢快速上传视觉反馈而不是输入语言反馈。我们提出了一个分层体系结构，高级模型参与产品分类，而低级模型则注意从客户提供的产品图像预测评论得分。我们通过采购真实的视觉产品评论来生成数据库，这非常具有挑战性。我们的体系结构通过对所采用的数据库进行广泛的实验，从而获得了一些有希望的结果。拟议的分层体系结构比单层最佳可比架构的性能提高了57.48％。

数据增强是自然语言处理（NLP）模型的鲁棒性评估的重要组成部分，以及增强他们培训的数据的多样性。在本文中，我们呈现NL-Cogmenter，这是一种新的参与式Python的自然语言增强框架，它支持创建两个转换（对数据的修改）和过滤器（根据特定功能的数据拆分）。我们描述了框架和初始的117个变换和23个过滤器，用于各种自然语言任务。我们通过使用其几个转换来分析流行自然语言模型的鲁棒性来证明NL-Upmenter的功效。基础架构，Datacards和稳健性分析结果在NL-Augmenter存储库上公开可用（\ url {https://github.com/gem-benchmark/nl-augmenter}）。